Ama-compressor ayingxenye ebalulekile yazo zonke izikhungo zokukhiqiza. Ngokuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi inhliziyo yanoma iyiphi isistimu yomoya noma yegesi, lezi zimpahla zidinga ukunakwa okukhethekile, ikakhulukazi ukugcotshwa kwazo. Ukuze uqonde indima ebalulekile yokugcoba edlalwa kuma-compressor, kufanele uqale uqonde umsebenzi wawo kanye nemiphumela yesistimu ku-lubricant, i-lubricant okufanele ikhethwe nokuthi yiziphi izivivinyo zokuhlaziya uwoyela okufanele zenziwe.
● Izinhlobo ze-Compressor kanye nemisebenzi
Izinhlobo eziningi ze-compressor ezihlukene ziyatholakala, kodwa indima yazo eyinhloko icishe ifane. Ama-compressor aklanyelwe ukuqinisa ingcindezi yegesi ngokunciphisa umthamo wayo wonke. Ngamagama alula, umuntu angacabanga nge-compressor njengepompo efana negesi. Ukusebenza kuyafana, umehluko omkhulu ukuthi i-compressor inciphisa ivolumu futhi ihambisa igesi ngohlelo, kuyilapho iphampu ivele icindezele futhi ithuthe uketshezi ngohlelo.
Ama-compressor angahlukaniswa abe izigaba ezimbili ezijwayelekile: ukufuduka okuhle kanye nokuguquguqukayo. I-Rotary, diaphragm kanye nama-compressor aphindaphindayo awela ngaphansi kwesigaba sokuhamba kahle. Ama-Rotary compressor asebenza ngokuphoqelela amagesi ezindaweni ezincane ngezikulufo, ama-lobes noma ama-vanes, kuyilapho ama-diaphragm compressor esebenza ngokucindezela igesi ngokuhamba kolwelwesi. Ama-compressor aphindaphindayo acindezela igesi ngepiston noma uchungechunge lwamapiston ashayelwa i-crankshaft.
Ama-centrifugal, ama-mix-flow kanye nama-axial compressor asesigabeni esiguqukayo. I-compressor ye-centrifugal isebenza ngokucindezela igesi isebenzisa idiski ejikelezayo endlini eyakhiwe. I-compressor egeleza ngokuxubile isebenza ngokufana ne-compressor eyi-centrifugal kodwa amadrayivu ageleza nge-axially kune-radially. Ama-Axial compressors adala ukucindezela ngochungechunge lwama-airfoil.
● Imiphumela Kuzinto Zokuthambisa
Ngaphambi kokukhethwa kwe-compressor lubricant, enye yezinto eziyinhloko okufanele zicatshangelwe uhlobo lobunzima i-lubricant engase ibhekane nayo ngenkathi isebenza. Imvamisa, ama-lubricant stressors kuma-compressor afaka umswakama, ukushisa okukhulu, igesi ecindezelweyo nomoya, izinhlayiya zensimbi, ukunyibilika kwegesi, kanye nezindawo ezikhishwayo ezishisayo.
Khumbula ukuthi lapho igesi icindezelwa, ingaba nemiphumela emibi ku-lubricant futhi ibangele ukwehla okuphawulekayo kwe-viscosity kanye nokuhwamuka, i-oxidation, ukufaka i-carbon deposit kanye nokufingqa ekuqoqweni komswakama.
Uma usuzazi izinto ezikhathazayo ezibalulekile ezingase zethulwe kumafutha, ungasebenzisa lolu lwazi ukuze unciphise ukukhetha kwakho ukuze uthole okokugcoba okufanelekile kwe-compressor. Izici ze-lubricant yekhandidethi eqinile zizofaka ukuzinza okuhle kwe-oxidation, izithasiselo zokulwa nokugqoka kanye ne-corrosion inhibitor, kanye nezakhiwo zokuwohloka. Izitokwe eziyisisekelo zokwenziwa zingase futhi zenze kangcono kumazinga okushisa abanzi.
● Ukukhetha Kokuthambisa
Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi une-lubricant efanele kuzobaluleka empilweni ye-compressor. Isinyathelo sokuqala siwukubhekisa izincomo ezivela kumkhiqizi wemishini yokuqala (i-OEM). I-compressor lubricant viscosity kanye nezingxenye zangaphakathi ezigcotshwayo zingahluka kakhulu ngokuya ngohlobo lwe-compressor. Iziphakamiso zomkhiqizi zinganikeza isiqalo esihle.
Okulandelayo, cabangela igesi elicindezelwayo, njengoba lingathinta kakhulu i-lubricant. Ukucindezelwa komoya kungase kuholele ezinkingeni ngamazinga okushisa e-lubricant aphakeme. Amagesi e-Hydrocarbon athambekele ekuncibilikiseni izinto zokugcoba, bese kuthi kancane kancane ehlise i-viscosity.
Amagesi angasebenzi ngamakhemikhali afana ne-carbon dioxide ne-ammonia angase asabele ngokuthambisa futhi ehlise i-viscosity futhi enze insipho ohlelweni. Amagesi asebenza ngamakhemikhali afana ne-oxygen, i-chlorine, i-sulphur dioxide ne-hydrogen sulfide angakha amadiphozithi aqinile noma agceke kakhulu uma umswakama omningi kukugcobisa.
Kufanele futhi ucabangele indawo lapho i-compressor lubricant ingaphansi kwayo. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise izinga lokushisa elizungezile, izinga lokushisa lokusebenza, ukungcola okuzungezile emoyeni, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-compressor ingaphakathi futhi imboziwe noma ingaphandle futhi ibhekene nesimo sezulu esibi, kanye nemboni lapho kuqashwa khona.
Ama-compressor avamise ukusebenzisa izithambisi zokwenziwa ngokusekelwe esincomweni se-OEM. Abakhiqizi bemishini bavame ukudinga ukusetshenziswa kwezithambisi zabo ezinophawu njengesimo sewaranti. Kulezi zimo, ungase ufune ukulinda kuze kuphele isikhathi sewaranti ukuze wenze ushintsho kumafutha.
Uma uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza njengamanje lisebenzisa okokuthambisa okusekelwe kumaminerali, ukushintshela kokwenziwa kufanele kuthethelelwe, njengoba lokhu ngokuvamile kuzobiza kakhulu. Kunjalo, uma imibiko yakho yokuhlaziya uwoyela ikhombisa ukukhathazeka okuthile, okokuthambisa kokwenziwa kungaba inketho enhle. Kodwa-ke, qiniseka ukuthi awubheki nje kuphela izimpawu zenkinga kodwa uxazulula izimbangela zesistimu.
Imaphi ama-synthetic lubricant enza umqondo omkhulu kuhlelo lokusebenza lwe-compressor? Ngokuvamile, i-polyalkylene glycols (PAGs), i-polyalphaolefins (POAs), amanye ama-diester nama-polyolester asetshenziswa. Imaphi kulawa ma-synthetics ongawakhetha azoncika ku-lubricant osuka kuyo kanye nohlelo lokusebenza.
Ifaka ukumelana ne-oxidation nempilo ende, i-polyalphaolefins ngokuvamile iwukungena esikhundleni esifanelekile samafutha amaminerali. I-polyalkylene glycols engancibiliki emanzini inikeza ukuncibilika okuhle ukusiza ukugcina ama-compressor ehlanzekile. Amanye ama-ester anokuncibilika okungcono kakhulu kunama-PAG kodwa angalwa nomswakama oweqile ohlelweni.
| Inombolo | Ipharamitha | Indlela Yokuhlola Ejwayelekile | Amayunithi | Ngokuzisholo | Isexwayiso | Okubucayi |
| Ukuhlaziywa Kwezakhiwo Zokuthambisa | ||||||
| 1 | I-Viscosity &@40℃ | Idatha ye-ASTM0445 | cSt | Amafutha amasha | Okungenani +5%/-5% | Okungenani +10%/-10% |
| 2 | Inombolo Ye-Acid | I-ASTM D664 noma i-ASTM D974 | mgKOH/g | Amafutha amasha | Iphoyinti le-inflection +0.2 | Iphoyinti le-inflection +1.0 |
| 3 | Izingxenye ezingeziwe: Ba, B, Ca, Mg, Mo, P, Zn | I-ASTM D518S | ppm | Amafutha amasha | Okuqamba +/-10% | Okungenani +/-25% |
| 4 | I-oxidation | I-ASTM E2412 FTIR | I-Absorbance /0.1 mm | Amafutha amasha | Isekelwe ngokwezibalo futhi isetshenziswa njengethuluzi lokuhlola | |
| 5 | I-Nitration | I-ASTM E2412 FTIR | I-Absorbance /0.1 mm | Amafutha amasha | Ngokwezibalo ba$ed futhi u$ed a $ a scceenintf ithuluzi | |
| 6 | I-Antioxidant RUL | I-ASTMD6810 | Amaphesenti | Amafutha amasha | Okungenani -50% | Okungenani -80% |
| I-Varnish Potential Membrane Patch Colorimetry | I-ASTM D7843 | Isikali esingu-1-100 (1 singcono kakhulu) | <20 | 35 | 50 | |
| Ukuhlaziywa Kokungcoliswa Kwamafutha | ||||||
| 7 | Ukubukeka | I-ASTM D4176 | Ukuhlola okubukwayo okungaphansi kwamanzi amahhala kanye nokwethuka | |||
| 8 | Izinga lomswakama | I-ASTM E2412 FTIR | Amaphesenti | Ithagethi | 0.03 | 0.2 |
| I-crackle | Izwela kuze kufike ku-0.05% futhi isetshenziswa njengethuluzi lokuhlola | |||||
| Okuhlukile | Izinga lomswakama | ASTM 06304 Karl Fischer | ppm | Ithagethi | 300 | 2.000 |
| 9 | Ukubala Izinhlayiya | I-ISO 4406: 99 | Ikhodi ye-ISO | Ithagethi | Inombolo yobubanzi eqondiwe +1 | Izinombolo zobubanzi obuqondisiwe +3 |
| Okuhlukile | I-Patch Test | Izindlela Zobunikazi | Isetshenziselwa ukuqinisekiswa kwemfucumfucu ngokuhlolwa okubonakalayo | |||
| 10 | Izinto Ezingcolisayo: Si, Ca, Me, AJ, njll. | I-ASTM DS185 | ppm | <5* | 6-20* | >20* |
| *Kuya ngokungcola, ukusetshenziswa nendawo | ||||||
| I-Lubricant Wear Debris Analysis (Qaphela: ukufundwa okungavamile kufanele kulandelwe i-ferrography yokuhlaziya) | ||||||
| 11 | Gqoka Izakhi Zemfucumfucu: Fe, Cu, Cr, Ai, Pb. Ngi, Sn | I-ASTM D518S | ppm | Isilinganiso somlando | Okuqamba + SD | Okuqamba +2 SD |
| Okuhlukile | I-Ferrous Density | Izindlela Zobunikazi | Izindlela Zobunikazi | I-Hirtoric Average | Okuqamba + S0 | Okuqamba +2 SD |
| Okuhlukile | Idatha ye-PQ | I-PQ90 | Inkomba | Isilinganiso somlando | Okuqamba + SD | Okuqamba +2 SD |
Isibonelo sezileyithi zokuhlola ukuhlaziya uwoyela nemikhawulo ye-alamu yama-compressor angama-centrifugal.
● Ukuhlolwa Kokuhlaziywa Kwamafutha
Ukuhlolwa okuningi kungenziwa kusampula kawoyela, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthi ubaluleke kakhulu lapho ukhetha lezi zivivinyo kanye namazaphulelo amasampula. Ukuhlola kufanele kufake izigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko zokuhlaziya uwoyela: izakhiwo zoketshezi lokuthambisa, ukuba khona kokungcola ohlelweni lokuthambisa kanye nanoma iyiphi imfucumfucu egugile emshinini.
Kuya ohlotsheni lwe-compressor, kungase kube nokuguqulwa okuncane kusilayidi sokuhlola, kodwa ngokuvamile kuvamile ukubona i-viscosity, ukuhlaziywa kwe-elemental, i-Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, inombolo ye-asidi, amandla okuvanisha, ukuhlolwa kwe-oxidation yomkhumbi ojikelezayo (RPVOT). ) nokuhlolwa kokuwohloka okunconyelwe ukuhlola izici zoketshezi lokuthambisa.
Ukuhlolwa kokungcola okuwuketshezi kwama-compressor cishe kuzobandakanya ukubukeka, i-FTIR kanye nokuhlaziya okuyisisekelo, kuyilapho okuwukuphela kokuhlolwa okuyinjwayelo okuvela kumbono wemfucumfucu yokugqoka kungaba ukuhlaziya okuyisisekelo. Isibonelo sezileyithi zokuhlola ukuhlaziya uwoyela kanye nemikhawulo ye-alamu yama-compressor angama-centrifugal kukhonjisiwe ngenhla.
Ngoba ukuhlola okuthile kungahlola ukukhathazeka okuningi, okunye kuzovela ezigabeni ezihlukene. Isibonelo, ukuhlaziya okuyisisekelo kungase kubambe izilinganiso zokuwohloka okungeziwe ngokombono wesakhiwo soketshezi, kuyilapho izingcezu zezingxenye ezivela ekuhlaziyweni kwemfucumfucu egugileyo noma i-FTIR ingase ihlonze i-oxidation noma umswakama njengento engcolisa uketshezi.
Imikhawulo ye-alamu ngokuvamile ibekwa ilabhorethri njengokuzenzakalelayo, futhi izitshalo eziningi azikungabazi ukufaneleka kwazo. Kufanele ubuyekeze futhi uqinisekise ukuthi le mikhawulo ichazwe ukuze ifane nezinhloso zakho zokwethembeka. Njengoba uthuthukisa uhlelo lwakho, ungase uthande nokucabangela ukushintsha imikhawulo. Imvamisa, imikhawulo ye-alamu iqala ngokuba phezulu futhi ishintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngenxa yezinhloso zokuhlanzeka ezinolaka, ukuhlunga nokulawula ukungcoliswa.
● Ukuqonda I-Compressor Lubrication
Mayelana nokugcotshwa kwawo, ama-compressor angabonakala eyinkimbinkimbi. Uma wena nethimba lakho niwuqonda kangcono umsebenzi we-compressor, imiphumela yesistimu ku-lubricant, isiphi isithambiso okufanele sikhethwe nokuthi yiziphi izivivinyo zokuhlaziya uwoyela okufanele zenziwe, aba ngcono amathuba akho okugcina nokuthuthukisa impilo yemishini yakho.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-16-2021